What Is Computer Software | Best Information -Computer Software Programs

What Is Computer Software- Computers do not work automatically. The computer must provide the instructions necessary for it to function. You need to give your computer instructions on when, what, and how to do it. These instructions are created in sequence in your computer’s language. Such a series of instructions is called a computer program or computer software. Software is a set of instructions given to a computer to obtain results by systematically and definingly analyzing and analyzing the data.

Relationship Between Hardware And Software

In order for a computer to do useful work, its hardware and software need to work together. Therefore, there is a special relationship between computer hardware and software. Both are complementary to each other. Without these two, you wouldn’t be able to do useful work from your computer.

For example, cassette players and cassettes purchased from the market are hardware, and songs recorded on cassettes are software. To listen to a particular song, you must first record it on a cassette, then insert the cassette into a cassette player and play the cassette. Similarly, to work from your computer, you need to install the relevant software on your computer’s hardware. You can install different types of software on the same type of hardware.

Types Of Computer Software

Software Types- Computer software can generally be divided into two categories: application software and system software. Application software is also known as application packages. An application package consists of one or more programs that are used to perform various functions of a particular application. System software is also known as a system package. A system package contains one or more programs used to run a computer system. The system packages, system programs, and those programs that make up the people who create the system programs are called system programmers.

Application Software

Application Software-For all work done by your computer, you must install the associated software on your computer’s hardware. Without software, the computer has no control over what the computer user has done. Therefore, you need to have software related to the work performed by the computer so that the computer can perform such work according to the instructions given.

Software that is created for a specific purpose and task and allows the user to complete the task. Such software is called application software. Software related to railroad booking and ticketing, mark sheet creation programs, accounting tabulations, design Corel 10, Pagemaker 7.0, etc. are good examples of application software.

System Software

System Software-When you turn on your computer, your computer requires some special programs. This helps the computer understand the user’s instructions. With the help of these software, they are used to check the input and output devices connected to the computer and make them work after establishing a connection with them. In this way, system software is used for communication between users and computers, control and operation of computer hardware and other software, and the operation of processes in memory.

Today’s MSDOS (Microsoft Disk Operating System), Windows 98, Windows Me, Windows XP, Windows-NT, UNIX, Windows-7, etc. are popular operating systems. UNIX, Windows-NT computers are used for networking. This means that many people can work on these operating systems at the same time.

Operating System

Operating System-The operating system is a set of programs that you need right after you turn on your computer. Through these, computers gain knowledge of how to understand the instructions given by us. The code that they use to communicate with various input and output devices when operating the computer is known to the computer by the operating system itself. If any part of your computer has an error, the computer will display the error through this software.

Communication is established between the computer and the computer user through the operating system. In this way, the operating system is software that controls, operates, communicates with users, manages processes in memory, and so on.

Server Operating System

The server operating system manages server resources. Interacts with network operating systems and data processing software to receive and respond to user requests for services. There are many options for server operating systems, but OS / 2 and UNIX-based operating systems are currently the most popular. There is also a lot of interest in the Windows Net technology that Microsoft has just released. These 32-bit operating systems support multithreading and multitasking.

32-bit processors such as the Intel 386 and 486 have a wider address space, wider physical buses, and larger instruction operands and register sizes than 16-bit processors such as the 80×6 and 80286.

The most important advantage of a 32-bit processor is the large address space (up to 4GB) of the processor compared to a 16MB 16-bit processor. With some limitations, you need a 32-bit OS to get this benefit. Software written for a segmented architecture on a DOS or Intel 808x or 80286 chip should manage data and programs in 64KB segments. This requires a lot of overhead. The larger memory address space of a true 32-bit operating system eliminates that overhead, making programs faster and more efficient.

OS / 22.0 and Windows NT provide preemptive multitasking. This means that programs that perform time-critical tasks can control the processor as needed. This allows for more reliable execution of terminal emulation, LAN connections, and asynchronous communication programs. For example, when a processor receives an interrupt from a LAN adapter or modem, the operating system can preempt the currently running program to give control to the communication software.

IBM OS / 2 2.0 is supported on most IBM compatible 386SX micros and later. It has true simultaneous multitasking support with data integrity protection. OS / 2 2.0 recognizes and uses all available memory, eliminating the 640Kb limit imposed by DOS. Windows 3.x provides collaborative multitasking rather than preemptive. Once the program gains control of the processor, the operating system cannot intervene when another task needs the processor.

Semaphore: (program signal about resource availability). This prevents one process from writing to a memory location that is actively used by another.

Pipe: Allows processes to communicate information with each other and can be temporary or permanent. Pipes run at the presentation layer of network architecture and are hardware and software independent. Interprocess pipes run within the same machine. Redirect pipes work between machines.

The server operating system also provides run-time support for high-performance server applications without the software engineering contingencies that some might expect.

Utility Program

Utility Programs-Utility programs are created by computer manufacturers. The BIOS, or basic input / output system, is called a utility program that gives instructions for occasional use to computer input and output devices, as well as other similar programs designed for certain types of work. Software is utility software designed to check your computer for viruses, copy your programs from one location to another, format your hard disk, create partitions on your hard disk, and check your hard disk. PC-Tools, NDD, Cpav, etc. are popular utility software.